Summer coat is short and smooth, and the color is light brown or reddish brown. In winter it becomes a chocolate brown, and hair grew back to 10-20 cm lower part is bright. Legs are usually darker. There is little salsify. Jaws, nose and cheeks are white. From eye to muzzle black strip passes.
-Body length - 110-135 cm
-Height at the withers - 75-90 cm
-Weight - 35-50 kg (men) and 30-42 kg (female).
Tail-length - 3-4 cm
-Sexual dimorphism - much less pronounced.
-Horns - relatively short and curved kukovidno end. Every year, form one ring, and thus can determine the age of an individual.
It occurs in the high mountains in Europe (including Bulgaria) and some limited parts of Asia). Range of the distribution is generally between 800 and 2500 m altitude. Chamois is one of the few truly European mammals.
Move is excellent on steep and rocky sections with greater certainty and makes big jumps over the mountain precipices. The actual movement is to walk or jump, almost never in the gallop or trot. There is no other animals can compete in its agility and speed of movement on steep terrain. Virtually none of its natural enemies can not overtake it in pursuit even eagle can capture only a very young chamois. To move on the steep terrain it inhabits, chamois needs visibility, so at night retired to hidden and inaccessible places to rest dawn. Then go to feed and continued until noon, when it is hidden in a shady spot to rest. Afternoon until dusk, out to eat again. Winter weather usually seek food all day. Normally lead a sedentary lifestyle, and only sometimes in bad weather, go down a little lower in the woods, but they prefer well-known paths and areas. Most often women and young are kept small groups or flocks, males move themselves. Small never have been born in the forest plots, and battles between males are not held in such. During the breeding season, males occupy a territory that marked with secretions from the base of his horns that sodium key locations. If a rival, the owner of the territory began to demonstratively rubbed his horns into the nearest bush, and if that does not help, urinate on the border of their territory. The meeting finally ends with the often battle in which horns are becoming a dangerous weapon. In nature rarely leads to serious injuries during these battles, unlike farmed in captivity wild goats, in which defeated no space to escape and often seriously injured by the winner. Occasionally there are fights between males of the chamois and Alpine ibex, which are often very critical, because different techniques opponents. While the Alpine Ibex rises on his hind legs and hit his head and horns from top to bottom, the chamois is trying to string with the tip of its horns tapered bottom, trying to reach and injure the abdomen and other less protected areas.
Foods with any food of plant origin, winter dig roots and eat well as moss, lichens and buds.
Puberty occurs 2,5 - (female) or 3.5-4-(male) age. Gestation lasts about 25-27 weeks. He was born one, rarely two small. Shortly before birth, females are separated from the herd and give birth in a closed space surrounded by some pine trees. Small are born fully developed and can be moved independently. Breastfeeding takes about 6 months, but very little before starting to eat plant food.
The territory of Bulgaria was hunting site, but nowadays, the number is extremely low and is protected by law. Live up to 18-25 years. The biggest enemies are the chamois eagle, leopard, bear, wolf and fox. Most are developed in her hearing, sight and smell.
The chamois is not present throughout Strandja. Although very rare, it is located around the Central Stara Planina - Teteven Troyan and (goat axis) in Kalofersko (at the foot of Maragidik), away from human sight, out of the cloud-capped heights, and in the Middle Rhodopes, Rila and around Pirin, wherever there are inaccessible areas and high rocky glades.
The color of hair is different in various seasons. Spring is usually bozavochervena and in winter - reddish, even yasnochervenikava. Abdominal side is yellow-red in summer and up to pure white in winter. A dark brown stripe starts from the tip of the snout, passing through the eye and reaches the ear. Sometimes very white face and wild goats.
Horns of the chamois is small, face up, with some peaks wrapped back. The female horns are thinner than the male.
Chamois prefers most inaccessible places or bare mountain meadows above the forest, and sometimes go down lower in the forest. It varies according to the dwelling and habits, but it does look wild and inaccessible to humans and other animals places.
Old men live very lonely, and females and young form herds of 4-5-6, less and 5-20 animals. Feral goats graze by day, eat the buds and leaves. Each herd has a guard - usually the oldest female goat. Once you notice the slightest danger, she released a special sound. All goats then quickly retreated into inaccessible areas and safety on the rocks on which to climb so rapidly. Although a herd keeper goats are so cautious that constantly looked around to all Parties.
Feral goats seek their food in the morning to afternoon hours, and 9-10 to 16-17 hours. Then they lie in inaccessible places and safe as cud food. There and spend the night. Prefer freshness, so usually choose the northern slopes. When the herd moves, the oldest and experienced goat leads. Some mistakenly believe that the drivers are male goats. If it is known that if some weaker men not be removed from the flock, they follow him at the back.
Chamois frequents rocks, covered with saltpetre. Sometimes those rocks they come from very distant places to lick salt. This is crucial for them as shepherds and hunters put in places such salt lured and killed in this way chamois.
Fiction is that when chamois climb the rocks are caught by his horns. Is also a false claim that the chamois, and jumps, is thrown so as to fall on his horns.
Chamois have highly developed vision, hearing and smell. Major pests are small eagles.
After 20 to 21 weeks of pregnancy the female gives birth in April or May is usually one, rarely two small. By crossing with tame goat often receive mixed offspring.
It is believed that wild goat lives about 25 years and reaches a length of 110 cm long tail is about 8 cm of height chamois reaches 75 cm, and the heft - to 40-45 kg.
In Europe, wild goat found in the Alps and Pyrenees. Due to the systematic and indiscriminate massacres it has declined so far that somewhere is disappearing. Other places are only a few individual goats of local people who gave their own names and even knows their lair. In Switzerland, after the introduction of the special law protected wild goats have increased.
Hunting of wild goats is done with hunting dogs.
